Top Differences when Teaching Multilingual versus Monolingual Classes
Before we start to look at the differences between teaching monolingual and multilingual classes, we should first define what these terms actually mean.
Table of Contents
Advantages of teaching a multilingual class
Disadvantages of teaching a multilingual class
Advantages of teaching a monolingual class
Disadvantages of teaching a monolingual class
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Multilingual classes will have a range of first languages, so they have different L1's. An example here may be the teaching of English to a group of students from a range of countries, in an English speaking country. An example could be a class of Europeans from different countries, learning English in the UK. Their native languages could be Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, French, and so on, so there is no common L1 to draw upon.
Monolingual classes are a group of students that all have the same countries' native language and typically such classes are taught in that country. An example of that could be the teaching of English to Thai students in Thailand. The chances are that everyone in your class will speak Thai, so they all have the same L1. Hence one native language = monolingual.
In order to distinguish between the two types we can use the fact that whether your class is monolingual or multilingual, they bring a range of possible advantages and disadvantages and we can use these to elicit the differences between them.
Advantages of teaching a multilingual class
Teaching a multilingual class presents a myriad of advantages that extend beyond the conventional language-learning setting. Firstly, the students, being in an English-speaking country, are immersed in the language on a daily basis, fostering an environment rich in linguistic exposure. This constant interaction with English goes beyond the classroom, providing practical and authentic language experiences.
Beyond language acquisition, the diversity within a multilingual class brings forth a treasure trove of varied experiences and cultures. Hailing from different corners of the globe, students contribute unique perspectives, customs, and traditions, creating a tapestry of diversity within the classroom. This cultural richness becomes an invaluable resource for educators, allowing them to integrate real-world examples into their teaching, making lessons more engaging and relatable.
The ultimate advantage lies in the absence of a common language among students. With each learner having a different first language, English becomes the unifying thread in the classroom. This linguistic common ground promotes a collaborative and inclusive atmosphere, fostering a shared space where students communicate, learn, and grow together. In this unique setting, the English language becomes not just a subject of study, but a bridge that connects individuals from diverse linguistic backgrounds, creating a truly enriching educational experience.
Disadvantages of teaching a multilingual class
Teaching a multilingual class does present some challenges that educators need to navigate carefully. Firstly, the diverse ethnic backgrounds of students require a heightened cultural awareness within the classroom. It is crucial to approach teaching with sensitivity, ensuring that actions and words are inclusive and respectful of the various cultures represented.
Secondly, while a multilingual environment fosters shared learning experiences, it also introduces the possibility of varying levels of difficulty for students. Some concepts may be closer to the native language of certain individuals, making them easier to grasp, while others might find them more challenging. This diversity in comprehension levels could lead to a potential issue – a specific group of students struggling with concepts that the rest of the class finds manageable. Educators must be attuned to these discrepancies to prevent boredom and disengagement among certain students. Striking a balance between challenging the entire class and providing additional support where needed becomes essential in maintaining an inclusive and stimulating learning environment.
Advantages of teaching a monolingual class
Teaching a monolingual class offers distinct advantages that streamline the learning process and foster a cohesive educational environment. Firstly, students in a monolingual setting can leverage their shared native language to support one another. This collaborative use of their first language facilitates discussions about second language (L2) challenges, allowing them to clarify doubts and reinforce their understanding in a familiar linguistic context.
Secondly, the homogeneity of a monolingual class, where all students hail from the same country and share a common language, means they are likely to encounter similar language-learning difficulties. This shared experience becomes a powerful tool for educators, as addressing these common challenges becomes more efficient. Teachers can tailor their approaches to target specific linguistic obstacles, benefiting the entire class simultaneously.
Lastly, the cultural homogeneity within a monolingual class simplifies the teaching dynamic. Students' shared cultural background ensures a certain level of cultural similarity, which can be advantageous in creating a more cohesive and comfortable learning environment. This cultural unity not only eases communication but also aids in aligning teaching materials and examples with the students' familiar cultural context, enhancing overall comprehension and engagement.
Disadvantages of teaching a monolingual class
Teaching a monolingual class comes with its own set of challenges that educators need to navigate thoughtfully. Firstly, students in a monolingual class may have less natural exposure to the second language (L2) than their counterparts in a multilingual class. For instance, teaching English to Thai students in Thailand means they might have limited everyday exposure to the language compared to students learning English in an English-speaking environment. This reduced immersion can impact the development of their language skills.
Secondly, a common first language (L1) among students in a monolingual class can lead to a tendency to rely on their native language when facing challenges. While this mutual support in L1 can be beneficial, particularly at lower proficiency levels, it can become a hindrance as students progress to higher levels. Discouraging the use of L1 at advanced stages is essential to promote greater reliance on the target language and enhance language proficiency. Striking a balance between leveraging shared linguistic backgrounds for support and encouraging independent use of the second language is crucial in optimizing the learning experience.
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